IPv6 Notes
So I started studying for the Server 2008 Network Infrastructure exam. I got through IPv4 in the study guide, even though I need to keep practicing Variable Length Subnetting. I'll probably do a post on that too for my own reference.
This is just some notes on IPv6 for future reference.
IPv6 uses 128bit addresses, which totals 3.4 undecillion unique addresses. The address is comprised of 8 sets of 16bit words (called blocks) separated by colons (2001:0DB8:3FA9:0000:0000:0000:00D3:9C58).
You can shorten the addresses by omitting the first 0s in each block (0DB8 is going the same as DB8). Also 16bit words of :0000:, they can be shorten to :0:
The final tip is for addresses with one or more consecutive blocks of :0000:, you can replace all the zeros and colons with just 2 colons (::). This technique can only be used once per address, the other 2 can be used more multiple times. Because each address has a standard length of 128 bits, it's easy to figure out how many 0 words were omitted. Here is an example of shortening the previous address. 2001:DB8:3FA9::D3:9C58 - much less typing.
IPv6 has 3 types of addresses. Global, Link-Local and Unique Local. Unicast addresses are compromised of the first 64-bits is the network part and the last 64-bits is the host part. The network part is number assigned to the subnet and the host portion is either the adapters MAC address or a unique number assigned to the host.
Global addresses are Internet routable, they are similar to Public addresses in IPv4. the prefix is defined as 2000::/3, which is 2000-3FFF. The first 3 bits must be 001. The first 48 bits of the address is assigned to your organization (ultimately by IANA) and yes, the first 3 bits are included in the 48bits. The next 16 bits are the subnet ID. this can be used in any way the assigned organization sees fit to assign subnets. The final 64bits are the interface ID, and are assigned to each interface on the network. This is similar to host IDs in IPv4.
Link-Local addresses are self configured, non-routable and are similar to APIPA addresses in IPv4. used only for communication on the local subnet. This address remains assigned to the interface As a secondary address even if when an Internet routable address is also assigned. These addresses always start with FE80 as the first block. These addresses can be seen as FE80::0123:4567:89AB:CDEF%01. The numbers after FE80:: are the unique interface address and the :: represents 3 blocks of zeros in the network ID. The %01 is the zone ID. The zone ID is not part of the address, but is assigned sending adapter. If you have a computer with 2 adapters connected to different networks, both will have the same 1st network half, so you need to specify the zone ID of the adapters connected to the appropriate network which tells the computer which adapter use.
Unique Local addresses are similar to IPv4 private addresses, where they are routable on an internal network but not on the Internet. They always start with FD00::/8 (starts with 11111101), the next 40bits are the Global ID (Randomly generated), next 16bits is the subnet and last 64bits are the host address.
This is just some notes on IPv6 for future reference.
IPv6 uses 128bit addresses, which totals 3.4 undecillion unique addresses. The address is comprised of 8 sets of 16bit words (called blocks) separated by colons (2001:0DB8:3FA9:0000:0000:0000:00D3:9C58).
You can shorten the addresses by omitting the first 0s in each block (0DB8 is going the same as DB8). Also 16bit words of :0000:, they can be shorten to :0:
The final tip is for addresses with one or more consecutive blocks of :0000:, you can replace all the zeros and colons with just 2 colons (::). This technique can only be used once per address, the other 2 can be used more multiple times. Because each address has a standard length of 128 bits, it's easy to figure out how many 0 words were omitted. Here is an example of shortening the previous address. 2001:DB8:3FA9::D3:9C58 - much less typing.
IPv6 has 3 types of addresses. Global, Link-Local and Unique Local. Unicast addresses are compromised of the first 64-bits is the network part and the last 64-bits is the host part. The network part is number assigned to the subnet and the host portion is either the adapters MAC address or a unique number assigned to the host.
Global addresses are Internet routable, they are similar to Public addresses in IPv4. the prefix is defined as 2000::/3, which is 2000-3FFF. The first 3 bits must be 001. The first 48 bits of the address is assigned to your organization (ultimately by IANA) and yes, the first 3 bits are included in the 48bits. The next 16 bits are the subnet ID. this can be used in any way the assigned organization sees fit to assign subnets. The final 64bits are the interface ID, and are assigned to each interface on the network. This is similar to host IDs in IPv4.
Link-Local addresses are self configured, non-routable and are similar to APIPA addresses in IPv4. used only for communication on the local subnet. This address remains assigned to the interface As a secondary address even if when an Internet routable address is also assigned. These addresses always start with FE80 as the first block. These addresses can be seen as FE80::0123:4567:89AB:CDEF%01. The numbers after FE80:: are the unique interface address and the :: represents 3 blocks of zeros in the network ID. The %01 is the zone ID. The zone ID is not part of the address, but is assigned sending adapter. If you have a computer with 2 adapters connected to different networks, both will have the same 1st network half, so you need to specify the zone ID of the adapters connected to the appropriate network which tells the computer which adapter use.
Unique Local addresses are similar to IPv4 private addresses, where they are routable on an internal network but not on the Internet. They always start with FD00::/8 (starts with 11111101), the next 40bits are the Global ID (Randomly generated), next 16bits is the subnet and last 64bits are the host address.
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