IPv6 Transition
4 different technologies exist to ease the transition from IPv4 to IPv6.
Intra-Site Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol (ISATAP): this tunneling protocol is meant for private networks to allow hosts on IPv4 networks to communicate with hosts on IPv6 networks. There must be an ISATAP router between the IPv4 and IPv6 networks, the hosts on the IPV4 network must have the ISATAP interface on their computers. Tunnel works by putting the ipv4 address inside the IPv6 address.
6to4: Is a protocol intended to be used on the Internet to allow IPv6 clients to access IPv4 Internet resources. There needs to be a 6to4 host on the IPv6 intranet that has their IPv4 routers address embedded in its IPv6 address, a 6to4 router between the IPv6 intranet and the IPv4 Internet resource, there can also be a 6to4 relay to link the IPv4 Internet to the IPv6 Internet so the 6to4 host can also access the IPv6 Internet outside the ipv4 Internet. 6to4 users IP Protocol 41 encapsulation.
Teredo: A tunneling protocol that allows clients behind an IPv4 NAT to access IPv6 Internet resources. This is a "last resort" and only recommended if other transition technologies are not possible. To use Teredo you need a Teredo client, Teredo Server, Teredo Relay, Teredo Host-Specific Relay.
Teredo Client: Computer that is enabled with both IPv4 and IPv6 and located behind an IPv4 NAT router. Teredo client creates a Teredo tunneling interface and configures a routable IPv6 address with help of a Teredo Server. It is through the Teredo tunneling interface that Teredo clients communicate with other Teredo clients or hosts running IPv6 (using a Teredo relay).
Teredo Server: Public server connected to the IPv4 and IPv6 internet. Assists in Performing address configuration of the Teredo clients, assists in initial communication between two Teredo clients or between a Teredo client and an IPv6 host.
Teredo Relay: This is a Teredo Tunnel Endpoint, an IPv6/IPv4 router that can forward packets between Teredo clients on the IPv4 internet and IPv6 hosts.
Teredo Host-Specific Relay: A host that is enabled with both IPv4 and IPv6 and acts as its own Teredo relay. This enables a Teredo client that has a global IPv6 adress to tunnel through the IPv4 internet and communicate directly with hosts on IPv6 internet. If a Windows 2008 Server has a Global address assigned it automatically enables the Teredo Host-Specific Relay, if it does not have a Global Address then only the Teredo client is enabled.
IP-HTTPS: New protocol developed by Microsoft for Windows 7 and Server 2008 R2. Allows hosts located behind a web proxy or firewall to connect by tunneling IPv6 packets inside an IPv4 HTTPS session. HTTPS is used so web proxys do not examine the data stream and terminate the connection. IP-HTTPS used when other IPv6 transition technologies are not available.
Intra-Site Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol (ISATAP): this tunneling protocol is meant for private networks to allow hosts on IPv4 networks to communicate with hosts on IPv6 networks. There must be an ISATAP router between the IPv4 and IPv6 networks, the hosts on the IPV4 network must have the ISATAP interface on their computers. Tunnel works by putting the ipv4 address inside the IPv6 address.
6to4: Is a protocol intended to be used on the Internet to allow IPv6 clients to access IPv4 Internet resources. There needs to be a 6to4 host on the IPv6 intranet that has their IPv4 routers address embedded in its IPv6 address, a 6to4 router between the IPv6 intranet and the IPv4 Internet resource, there can also be a 6to4 relay to link the IPv4 Internet to the IPv6 Internet so the 6to4 host can also access the IPv6 Internet outside the ipv4 Internet. 6to4 users IP Protocol 41 encapsulation.
Teredo: A tunneling protocol that allows clients behind an IPv4 NAT to access IPv6 Internet resources. This is a "last resort" and only recommended if other transition technologies are not possible. To use Teredo you need a Teredo client, Teredo Server, Teredo Relay, Teredo Host-Specific Relay.
Teredo Client: Computer that is enabled with both IPv4 and IPv6 and located behind an IPv4 NAT router. Teredo client creates a Teredo tunneling interface and configures a routable IPv6 address with help of a Teredo Server. It is through the Teredo tunneling interface that Teredo clients communicate with other Teredo clients or hosts running IPv6 (using a Teredo relay).
Teredo Server: Public server connected to the IPv4 and IPv6 internet. Assists in Performing address configuration of the Teredo clients, assists in initial communication between two Teredo clients or between a Teredo client and an IPv6 host.
Teredo Relay: This is a Teredo Tunnel Endpoint, an IPv6/IPv4 router that can forward packets between Teredo clients on the IPv4 internet and IPv6 hosts.
Teredo Host-Specific Relay: A host that is enabled with both IPv4 and IPv6 and acts as its own Teredo relay. This enables a Teredo client that has a global IPv6 adress to tunnel through the IPv4 internet and communicate directly with hosts on IPv6 internet. If a Windows 2008 Server has a Global address assigned it automatically enables the Teredo Host-Specific Relay, if it does not have a Global Address then only the Teredo client is enabled.
IP-HTTPS: New protocol developed by Microsoft for Windows 7 and Server 2008 R2. Allows hosts located behind a web proxy or firewall to connect by tunneling IPv6 packets inside an IPv4 HTTPS session. HTTPS is used so web proxys do not examine the data stream and terminate the connection. IP-HTTPS used when other IPv6 transition technologies are not available.
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